Semi-trailers have greater mass and greater inertia, and require longer braking distances than other vehicles. However, if any component of a semi-trailer’s braking system malfunctions, it can further extend the braking distance and increase the risk of accidents.
It is the responsibility of each driver to ensure that the trailer’s braking system is working properly. Here, we’ll share seven brake maintenance tips and how to adjust your semi-trailer brakes.
Maintenance of semi-trailer brakes
Air pressure level
A semi-trailer’s braking system requires sufficient air pressure to function properly. Before you hit the road, check your air pressure gauge to make sure the reading is between 100 psi and 125 psi. This will put the trailer in good working order. If the pressure gauge reads 60 psi, the trailer brake system needs to be serviced.
Brake pads and hoses
Brake pads are an essential part of a semi trailer’s braking system and should be checked regularly as they are used frequently. When checking the brake pads, make sure that the pins are not loose and that they have not become wet with lubricant. Normally, the the bearings must be dry and should not be wetted with oil or grease. If there is any wear on the pads, make sure their thickness is at least 1/4 inch.
Hoses are another important component that should be inspected regularly. Check the trailer airlines for looseness, cracks or wear. Hoses that show signs of damage should be replaced.
Slack adjusters
To ensure that the braking system works smoothly, lubricant fat should be applied to slack adjusters. The function of slack adjusters is to help maintain alignment.
Automatic slack adjusters can be overlooked in this regard as they do not require as much manual adjustment. However, maintaining lubrication is still important.
cameras
The S-cams are responsible for the crucial task of pushing the brake shoes onto the brake drums. This is the main action of breaking a semi-trailer and must be performed without any hindrance. Adequate lubrication can ensure it.
Wheels and brake chambers
When checking the wheels, it is important to inspect for damage in exposed areas such as cracks, wear and tear, corrosionetc. Pay special attention to the area between the screw holes, as this is where cracks are most likely to occur.
In addition to inspecting the wheels, you should also visually inspect the brake chambers for any obvious problems. Search damage in the chamber or bent push rods.
Loose or missing components such as clamps, cage screws, or dust caps can allow water or dirt to enter the chamber and cause erosion of the power spring.
Brake shoes and other parts
The brake shoes on a semi-trailer can wear out over time and may need to be replaced. Many brake shoes have built-in wear indicators that will tell you when it’s time for new brake shoes. When replacing them, it is best to replace all related brake components, including brake drums, crumbs, liningsi needles.
Anti-lock braking system (ABS)
It is an electronic safety system that prevents the wheels from locking, ensuring that the wheels maintain contact with the ground during braking. It is best to check the ABS at least once a year during the annual safety inspection. When an ABS warning code appears, it should not be ignored.
Common triggers of ABS problems include
- Broken wheel speed sensor wires
- Damaged wheel bearings
- The dirty tone sounds
- Low battery voltage
How to Adjust Semi Trailer Brakes
1. Find a safe location
Before starting the adjustment process, find a flat, level area to safely park the trailer. Make sure the trailer is on a firm surface and chock the wheels to prevent any movement.
2. Identify the brake system
There are two types of brake systems commonly used on semi-trailers: drum brakes and disc brakes. Drum brakes are the most common and require manual adjustment.
3. Locate the brake adjuster
On each wheel, you will find a brake adjuster that can be used to adjust the brakes. The adjuster can be accessed through a small slot in the brake drum.
4. Adjust the brakes
Use a brake adjustment tool to turn the adjuster. Turn the adjuster clockwise to tighten the brakes and counterclockwise to loosen them. The goal is to adjust the brakes so that they have a slight drag when the wheel is turned.
5. Test the brakes
After making the adjustments, test the brakes by applying them while driving at low speed. Listen for unusual noises and make sure the brakes operate smoothly.
6. Repeat for all wheels
Repeat the process for all trailer wheels to make sure the brakes are set evenly.
Maintaining a semi-trailer’s brakes is an essential part of keeping it roadworthy and ensuring safe driving. Regular brake maintenance, including brake adjustment, can prevent accidents, save lives and reduce repair costs. By following the steps in this article, you can keep your trailer brakes in good condition and enjoy safe driving on the road.
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